What are the primary pollutants present in industrial wastewater and how does an ETP remove them?
The main goal of
wastewater treatment is typically to enable the disposal of industrial and
human effluents without endangering public health or causing unacceptable harm
to the environment. Wastewater is effectively disposed of by irrigation, which
serves as both disposal and usage (as in slow-rate land treatment). The wastewater treatment method that will generate an effluent that
satisfies the advised microbiological and chemical quality parameters at a low
cost and with the fewest operational and maintenance needs is the one that
should be used prior to effluent usage in agriculture. However, there are
certain places where a higher-grade effluent treatment will be required, thus
it's critical that data on the effectiveness of a variety of wastewater
treatment technologies be accessible. In order to prevent environmental
contamination, organic and suspended particles loads are often reduced during
the design of wastewater treatment plants.
Providing you an ample
amount of knowledge about the ETP, we present this blog discussing the primary
pollutants in industrial wastewater along with the working of ETP. So, let’s
get going……
Effluent is produced
in a variety of production sectors, including textile, tannery, chemical, and
pharmaceutical. Without treatment, contaminated water cannot be discharged
since it includes both harmful and non-toxic substances. Its release might
contaminate currently clean water and have an impact on the ecosystem. ETPs are
therefore implemented in the majority of manufacturing sectors.
The removal of large
numbers of organic compounds which are primary pollutants of almost every
industrial wastewater, debris, dirt, grit,
poisonous, non-toxic molecules, and
polymers, among other things, from industrial wastewater is done using effluent
treatment plants (ETPs).
1.Screen Chamber:
To prevent abrasion of
mechanical equipment and blockage of the hydraulic system, this chamber
eliminates pretty big solid.
2. Tank for
Collection:
The effluent water
from the screening chamber is collected, stored, and then pumped to the
equalisation tank by the collecting tank.
3. The Equalisation Tank:
The effluents'
concentrations are not constant, and their pH will occasionally change. An
equalisation tank is used to retain effluents for up to 8 to 12 hours,
resulting in uniform mixing of the effluents and aiding in neutralisation. Additionally,
constant mixing prevents sediments from accumulating in the equalisation tank.
4. Flash mixer
Coagulants are added to the effluents:
Ø Lime: To correct pH upto 8-9
Ø Alum: To remove the colour
Ø Poly electrolyte: To settle the suspended
matters and reduce TSS, SS.
The addition of the above chemicals by efficient rapid mixing
facilitates in the homogeneous combination of flocculates to produce micro
flocs.
5. Clarriflocculator
Ø In the clarriflocculator water is
circulated continuously by a stirrer.
Ø Flocculation provides slow mixing that
leads to formation of macro flocs, which then settles in the clarifier zone.
Ø Overflowing water goes to the aeration
tank.
Ø The solid particles settle down, and are
collected separately; this reduces SS, TSS.
Ø The settled solids, primary sludge is
pumped into sludge drying beds.
6. Aeration Tank
Following clarity, the
effluent is sent to an aeration tank for aerobic treatment.
This tank has air
blowers or diffusers that allow air to be circulated through it.
In order for bacteria
to flourish and eliminate BOD and COD by decomposing the debris, dissolved
oxygen (DO) levels must be maintained.
The BOD and COD
readings of the effluent are 90% lower.
7. Secondary Clarifier
Solid liquid
separation occurs in the secondary clarifier, which receives the overflow from
the aeration tank.
A portion of the
biological sludge, which is the settled solids in the secondary clarifier, is
recycled back into the aeration tank to maintain the required MLSS level, and
the remaining sludge is sent to sludge collection.
If the exit water
quality is within acceptable limits, it is tested.
Pipelines are used to
dispose of the treated water.
8. Sludge thickener
The inflow sludge is
made up of 40% solids and 60% water.
A centrifuge is used
to process the effluent.
The separation of the
solids and liquids is accomplished by centrifugal force.
The effluent's water
content is decreased by the sludge thickener to 40% water + 60% solids.
The sludge is then
collected at the bottom after the wastewater has been treated.
9. Bed Drying
On the drying beds,
primary and secondary sludge is dried to further lower the water content. Thus,
accomplishing the process.
One of the top
producers of wastewater treatment systems in India and throughout the world is
Netsol Water Solutions. To order equipment for wastewater treatment or to find
out more, contact us right now. Call us at +91-9650608473 for any
questions you may have about commercial or industrial RO plants, or you can
send an email to enquiry@netsolwater.com
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